The largest contributor in percentage term of global greenhouse gas emissions is -19.5% as per available information. It is followed by USA-19.2%, India-5.3%, Russia-5.1%, Japan-3.6% and Germany-2.6%.
Informing this in Rajya Sabha (Upper House of the Parliament in India), Union Minister of State for Environment and Forest, Ms. Jayanthi Nataraj said that India has announced that it will endeavour to reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 20 to 25 percent in comparison to the 2005 level by 2020. The minister said that the Government of India has launched National Action Plan on Climate Change that includes National Solar Mission and National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency which aim at reducing emissions intensity of GDP. Government follows the policy of sustainable development through a range of programmes aimed at energy conservation, improved energy efficiency in various sectors; promoting use of renewable energy; power sector reforms; use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport; fuel switching to cleaner energy; afforestation and conservation of forests; promotion of clean coal technologies and encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems.
Meanwhile, A Report on “Climate Change and India: A 4x4 Assessment a Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s” has been published in November, 2010. However, the report has not been submitted to United Nations Climate Panel. The Report has projected the likely impact of climate change on temperature, precipitation, extreme events, sea-level rise, agriculture, eco-system and bio-diversity, water and human health in four regions, namely Western Ghats, Himalayan region, North-Eastern region and Coastal region. The assessment brings out vulnerability of these regions to the adverse impact of climate change. The Report does not have any specific recommendations. However, the information generated in the report and assessments made therein are utilized by appropriate agencies of the government including the nodal ministries for effective implementation of activities under National Action Plan on Climate Change.
Government is aware of various challenges posed due to climate change and has come up with National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) which outlines steps to enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of our development path. Eight Missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco-system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change are being implemented by the nodal ministries to address vulnerability to climate change and enhance capacity at the Central and State level to respond to climate change.
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